Description
The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California initiated a study to evaluatemanganese (Mn) desorption from filter media during biological filtration start up. Mncontamination of the filter media was a byproduct of multiple years of pre-chlorinationwhile using Mn-containing ferric chloride (FeCl<sub>3</sub>) for coagulation. During pilot- and fullscaletesting, FeCl<sub>3</sub> coagulation (without chlorine) released soluble Mn at nearly fourtimes the level compared to alum (105 µg/L for FeCl<sub>3</sub> and 27 µg/L for alum). Pilot-scaleexperiments led to the conclusion that Mn was present in the filter column in threevalance states [Mn(II), Mn(III), and Mn(IV)]. Mn in the filter effluent was hypothesizedto be first physically displaced as Mn(III) from anthracite media by ferric iron,aluminum, and hydrogen, and then catalytically oxidized to Mn(IV) by silica sand. Includes 34 references, tables, figures.
Product Details
- Edition:
- Vol. – No.
- Published:
- 11/01/2005
- Number of Pages:
- 19
- File Size:
- 1 file , 610 KB
- Note:
- This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus
